1. Define the requirement

Describe the outcome, mandatory specifications, quantity, unit of measure, location and timing. Do not begin with a preferred supplier unless there is a legitimate reason.

2. Confirm authority and budget

Before somebody commits the organization, confirm who can approve the expenditure and who can place or amend the order.

3. Learn or solicit

Decide whether you are doing market research, asking for indicative price and availability, requesting quotations, or inviting proposals. Tell suppliers which one it is.

4. Compare on a common basis

Normalize quantity, currency, freight, installation and other direct costs. Confirm technical compliance separately from price.

5. Place and manage the order

Use an authorized PO or contract, capture changes through controlled amendments, and track partial deliveries, backorders and cancellations.

6. Receive and accept

Physical arrival is not always final acceptance. Record shortages, damage, wrong items and testing requirements before payment approval.

7. Reconcile and close

Resolve invoice differences, credits and returns, then close completed order lines and release unused commitments.